Filmmaker, director and producer Steven Spielberg was born on December 18, 1946, in Cincinnati, Ohio. An amateur filmmaker as a child, Spielberg moved several times growing up and spent part of his youth in Arizona. He became one of the youngest television directors for Universal in the late 1960s. A highly praised television film, Duel (1972), brought him the opportunity to direct for the cinema, and a string of hits have made him the most commercially successful director of all time.
Steven Spielberg is now known as one of the most influential film personalities in the history of film. He is one of Hollywood’s best-known directors and one of the wealthiest fim makers in the world. He works with many genres of film, one being tragedy drama which I am going to explore.
Spielberg has many features that he regularly
includes in his films and has been for some years now, here are a few:
Track-in Shots
One of these features is Track-in Shots. In
this type of shot, the camera physically moves in on the subject, typically
going from a medium close-up to a tighter close-up. The movement is smooth, the
background is usually blurred, and it is typically used to draw attention to a
significant moment in a character’s story. We see this type of shot throughout
many of Spielberg’s work, especially in his tragedies. This is because it’s a very
deep shot that helps us connect with the characters, a very important feature
in tragedies.
One tragedy film that gives a good example of
this is “Amistad” – here is a link to a clip from the film:
This track-in shot is a typical one. The
background is blurred and the movement is soft and slow. Also, it’s going in to
the character’s face, letting us connect with him more.
Mirrors
Spielberg often films shots using multiple mirrors. This is mostly for emphasise on the character, through appearance or something deeper.
Here is an example from the film "Catch Me If You Can"
Sideways Tracking Shots
Another feature that is usual of Spielberg
is Sideways Tracking Shots. In this shot, the camera moves sideways over an
area. His sideways tracking shots can be very long, typically tracking with two
characters that are walking and talking. Spielberg changes this shot to add
considerable visual skill to the shots by putting all types of objects and
extras between the camera and the two main subjects, to enhance the richness of
the frame and visual perception of movement.
Here is a like to an example from the tragedy film "Saving Private Ryan"
This sideways tracking shot is a perfect example, tracking two characters walking and talking. Spielberg adds hundreds of soldiers in the shot and around the characters, a common skill of his.
Framing Through Objects
The next feature that I looked at was Framing through objects. Spielberg often films sujects through objects (often circular) or through another persons arm. This is my favorite technique of Spielberg's.
Here's an example of a circular object from the film "Artificial Intelligence":
And here is an example of someone else's arm acting as the frame, from the film "Minority Report":
Wide Lensed Shots
A third feature that Spielberg likes to use in his work is 'Wide Lensed Shots'. He uses these lenses usually to film over-the-shoulder shots, tracking shots, close-ups, and any other shot in which he wants to make the foreground subject dominate the background. He can be very bold in his use of wide lenses, much bolder than most other filmmakers.
One film that has a great example of this is Schindler List, here is a link:
42-59
In this clip, the wide lens is used to show the amount of people in the crowd. The group of people are the subject that Spielberg wants the audience to focus on.